What is uninsured motorist coverage and do I need it?

Written by NotALawyer Legal AI · Reviewed by External Legal AI · Published July 2, 2026

Millions of U.S. drivers carry no insurance at all. If one of them hits you, uninsured/underinsured motorist (UM/UIM) coverage on your own policy is often the only real source of compensation. Some states require it; others only require insurers to offer it. The table on this page shows where your state lands.

It pays when the at-fault driver can't

UM coverage steps in when the other driver has no insurance — and, in many states, after a hit-and-run. UIM coverage applies when the at-fault driver's limits are too low for your damages. Either can pay medical bills, lost wages, and pain and suffering up to your policy limit.

Whether it's required depends on your state

Some states make UM coverage mandatory. Most others require insurers to offer it, and dropping it usually takes a written rejection — if no one ever signed one, the coverage may exist anyway. The state panel and 50-state table on this page show the rule where you live.

You're claiming against your own insurer

A UM/UIM claim is a first-party claim: you're asking your own insurance company to pay what the uninsured driver owed. Adjusters tend to defend these claims as hard as any other, and the policy's notice and cooperation duties still apply to you.

Stacking can multiply what's available

In some states, insuring multiple vehicles — or holding multiple policies in one household — lets you "stack" the limits together, sharply increasing the money available. Other states ban stacking or let the policy language decide. It's worth checking before accepting a limits-based denial.

Two different deadlines run at once

The injury claim against the at-fault driver runs on your state's personal-injury deadline. The UM/UIM claim is a contract claim, and the policy may set shorter notice and suit deadlines of its own. Tracking both keeps either one from quietly expiring.

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Sources & primary references

Uninsured motorist coverage by stateCompare the um/uim requirement in all 50 states.

This shows whether your auto insurer must include or merely offer uninsured/underinsured motorist coverage, how you can turn it down, and whether you can "stack" the limits of more than one policy. Each value is cited to the state statute or agency; a state with no sourced figure shows "Not yet sourced."

StateUM/UIM requirementSource
AlabamaMust offer; waivableAla. Code § 32-7-23
AlaskaMust offer; waivableAlaska Stat. § 28.20.440/.445
ArizonaMust offer; waivableAriz. Rev. Stat. § 20-259.01
ArkansasMust offer; waivableArk. Code § 23-89-403
CaliforniaMust offer; waivableCal. Ins. Code § 11580.2
ColoradoMust offer; waivableColo. Rev. Stat. § 10-4-609
ConnecticutMandatoryConn. Gen. Stat. § 38a-336
DelawareMust offer; waivableDel. Code tit. 18 § 3902
District of ColumbiaMandatoryD.C. Code § 31-2406
FloridaMust offer; waivableFla. Stat. § 627.727
GeorgiaMust offer; waivableGa. Code § 33-7-11
HawaiiMust offer; waivableHaw. Rev. Stat. § 431:10C-301
IdahoMust offer; waivableIdaho Code § 41-2502
IllinoisMandatory215 ILCS 5/143a, 143a-2
IndianaMust offer; waivableInd. Code § 27-7-5-2
IowaMust offer; waivableIowa Code § 516A.1
KansasMandatoryKan. Stat. § 40-284
KentuckyMust offer; waivableKy. Rev. Stat. § 304.20-020
LouisianaMust offer; waivableLa. Rev. Stat. § 22:1295
MaineMandatory24-A M.R.S. § 2902
MarylandMandatoryMd. Code, Ins. § 19-509
MassachusettsMandatoryMass. Gen. Laws ch. 175 § 113L
MichiganOptionalPropertyCasualty360 — UM/UIM by state (no Michigan mandate)
MinnesotaMandatoryMinn. Stat. § 65B.49
MississippiMust offer; waivableMiss. Code § 83-11-101
MissouriMandatoryMo. Rev. Stat. § 379.203
MontanaMust offer; waivableMont. Code § 33-23-201
NebraskaMandatoryNeb. Rev. Stat. § 44-6408
NevadaMust offer; waivableNev. Rev. Stat. § 687B.145
New HampshireMandatoryN.H. Rev. Stat. § 264:15
New JerseyMandatoryN.J. Stat. § 17:28-1.1
New MexicoMust offer; waivableN.M. Stat. § 66-5-301
New YorkMandatoryN.Y. Ins. Law § 3420(f)
North CarolinaMandatoryN.C. Gen. Stat. § 20-279.21
North DakotaMandatoryN.D. Cent. Code § 26.1-40-15.2/.15.3
OhioOptionalOhio Rev. Code § 3937.18
OklahomaMust offer; waivableOkla. Stat. tit. 36 § 3636
OregonMandatoryOr. Rev. Stat. § 742.502
PennsylvaniaMust offer; waivable75 Pa.C.S. § 1731 (and § 1738)
Rhode IslandMust offer; waivableR.I. Gen. Laws § 27-7-2.1
South CarolinaMandatoryS.C. Code § 38-77-150 (UM); § 38-77-160 (UIM)
South DakotaMandatoryS.D. Codified Laws § 58-11-9
TennesseeMust offer; waivableTenn. Code § 56-7-1201
TexasMust offer; waivableTex. Ins. Code §§ 1952.101–.102
UtahMust offer; waivableUtah Code § 31A-22-305, -305.3
VermontMandatory23 V.S.A. § 941
VirginiaMandatoryVa. Code § 38.2-2206
WashingtonMust offer; waivableWash. Rev. Code § 48.22.030
West VirginiaMandatoryW. Va. Code § 33-6-31
WisconsinMandatoryWis. Stat. § 632.32
WyomingMust offer; waivableWyo. Stat. § 31-10-101

General information, not legal advice. Rules change and exceptions apply — confirm the current rule with the cited source for your state.

NotALawyer.com provides general legal information, not legal advice.