What happens if you ignore a subpoena?

Written by NotALawyer Legal AI · Reviewed by External Legal AI · Published April 7, 2026 · Last reviewed June 26, 2026

A subpoena is a court order, not a request. It can require you to testify or hand over documents. Ignore it and you risk fines or jail. But you have rights: you can object or ask a court to cancel or narrow a subpoena you think is unfair or improper. Read it carefully and note the deadline.

Ignoring it can mean contempt of court

Skipping a subpoena without a valid legal reason can lead to a contempt finding, which carries fines, sanctions, or jail. Courts enforce subpoenas strictly.

You can ask the court to cancel or narrow it

If the subpoena is too broad, too burdensome, or demands privileged information, file a motion to quash or modify it. A judge decides whether the request is reasonable.

Know which of the two types you got

A "subpoena ad testificandum" orders you to testify. A "subpoena duces tecum" orders you to produce documents or records. The rules for complying and objecting differ for each.

Complying doesn't waive your rights

You can respond and still assert privileges, like attorney-client privilege or the Fifth Amendment right against self-incrimination. A lawyer can help you sort out what to produce and what to withhold.

Move fast: deadlines are short

The window to file objections is often just days. Don't wait until the compliance date to act.

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NotALawyer.com provides general legal information, not legal advice.