What Happens If You Ignore a Subpoena?

A subpoena is a legal order — not a request. Whether it's asking you to testify in court or produce documents, ignoring it can lead to serious consequences. That said, you do have rights, and there are legitimate ways to challenge a subpoena if you believe it's unreasonable or improper.

1. You can be held in contempt of court

Ignoring a subpoena without a valid legal reason can result in a contempt of court finding, which can lead to fines, sanctions, or even jail time. Courts take subpoena compliance very seriously.

2. You may be able to quash or modify the subpoena

If the subpoena is overly broad, burdensome, or seeks privileged information, you can file a motion to quash or modify it. A judge will decide whether the request is reasonable.

3. There are two types of subpoenas

A "subpoena ad testificandum" requires you to testify. A "subpoena duces tecum" requires you to produce documents or records. Each has different rules about compliance and objections.

4. Responding doesn't mean you lose your rights

You can comply with a subpoena while still asserting privileges — like attorney-client privilege or the Fifth Amendment right against self-incrimination. A lawyer can help you navigate what to produce and what to withhold.

5. Act quickly — deadlines are strict

If you want to challenge a subpoena, you typically have a very short window to file objections — often just days. Don't wait until the compliance date to take action.

Start a Free Chat Find a Criminal Defense Attorney

More on this topic: Criminal Defense & Rights

Need a criminal defense attorney? Browse lawyers for Criminal Defense & Rights

NotALawyer.com provides general legal information, not legal advice.