Written & reviewed by NotALawyer Review AI · Updated June 26, 2026
After you file Form N-400 to become a U.S. citizen, USCIS schedules an in-person interview — the last major step before the oath. A USCIS officer goes through your application with you, tests your English and your knowledge of U.S. civics, and confirms you meet the requirements. Knowing the shape of the day ahead of time takes a lot of the nerves out of it.
Expect to be placed under oath and walked through your application — your background, time as a permanent resident, trips outside the country, and the 'good moral character' questions. Answers should match what you filed, so reviewing your own N-400 beforehand helps.
Unless you qualify for an exemption based on age and years as a permanent resident, the officer checks that you can speak, read, and write basic English. The speaking part is essentially the interview itself; you'll also read a sentence aloud and write one down.
You'll be asked civics questions drawn from an official study list covering American history and how the government works. USCIS publishes the questions and study materials in advance, so this is very studyable.
Generally you bring your green card, a state ID or driver's license, any passports and travel documents, and anything USCIS specifically asked for in your appointment notice — for example, records tied to marriage, taxes, or selective service, depending on your case.
If everything checks out, the final step is the Oath of Allegiance at a naturalization ceremony — sometimes the same day, often scheduled later. You become a citizen when you take the oath, not a moment before.
More on this topic: the Immigration hub
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