What Can I Do About Mold in My Rental?

Written & reviewed by NotALawyer Review AI · Updated June 26, 2026

Persistent mold can make a rental unhealthy to live in, and in most states a landlord has a legal duty to keep a unit fit to live in — that's the implied warranty of habitability. Your strongest first move is almost always to report the problem in writing and give the landlord a real chance to fix it. If they don't, some states let tenants repair-and-deduct or withhold rent, but the exact rules and steps depend on where you live.

Habitability is the legal backbone

Most states require landlords to maintain a livable home, which generally includes fixing leaks and moisture problems that cause mold. This duty often exists even if it isn't spelled out in your lease — see our explainer on the implied warranty of habitability.

Report it in writing — and keep a copy

Verbal complaints are easy to deny later. Send your request by email or letter, describe the problem and exactly where it is, and keep a dated copy. A simple timeline and photos help a lot if the dispute escalates.

Repair-and-deduct and rent withholding exist in some states

If a landlord ignores a serious problem, some states let tenants pay for the repair and subtract it from rent, or withhold rent until it's fixed — but only if you follow strict notice steps first. Whether this is available, and how, depends on your state; see the panel and table on this page.

Document everything

Take photos and video, save your written requests, and note dates. If you ever need to show a court or code inspector that the unit wasn't livable, contemporaneous records carry far more weight than memory.

Use the health and code resources available

The EPA's mold cleanup guidance explains when a problem is small enough to handle yourself and when to bring in help. Your local health or code-enforcement department can also inspect the unit and cite a landlord who won't act.

Your next step

Start a Chat Find a Landlord-Tenant Attorney

More on this topic: the Landlord & Tenant hub

Sources & primary references

Repair and deduct by stateCompare the repair-and-deduct cap in all 50 states.

Whether your state lets you pay for an urgent repair yourself and subtract the cost from your rent — and the dollar or month's-rent limit if it does. Each value is cited to the state statute or agency; a state with no sourced figure shows "Not yet sourced."

StateRepair-and-deduct capSource
AlabamaNot allowedNolo: Alabama Tenant Rights to Demand Repairs
AlaskaEssential services onlyAlaska Stat. 34.03.180 (FindLaw)
Arizona$300 or ½ mo. rentAriz. Rev. Stat. 33-1363
ArkansasNot allowedUA Little Rock Law Review — Arkansas habitability
California1 month's rentCal. Civ. Code 1942
ColoradoNo fixed capColo. Rev. Stat. 38-12-507 (FindLaw)
ConnecticutRent escrow (court)Conn. Gen. Stat. 47a-14h (FindLaw)
Delaware$400 or ½ mo. (lesser)25 Del. C. 5307 (FindLaw)
District of ColumbiaWithhold (no fixed cap)Legal Aid DC — Tenant Toolkit
FloridaWithhold (no fixed cap)Fla. Stat. 83.60 (FindLaw)
GeorgiaCase law onlyO.C.G.A. 44-7-13 (Justia)
Hawaii$500 or 1 mo. rentHaw. Rev. Stat. 521-64 (Justia)
IdahoNot allowedIdaho Attorney General — Landlord & Tenant Manual
Illinois$500 or ½ mo. (lesser)765 ILCS 742/5 (FindLaw)
IndianaNot allowedInd. Code 32-31-8-6 (FindLaw)
IowaEssential services onlyIowa Code 562A.23
KansasEssential services onlyKan. Stat. 58-2561 (Justia, Art. 25)
Kentucky$100 or ½ mo. rentKy. Rev. Stat. 383.635 (FindLaw)
LouisianaNo fixed capLa. Civ. Code art. 2694 (FindLaw)
Maine$500 or ½ mo. rent14 M.R.S. 6026
MarylandRent escrow (court)Md. Code Real Prop. 8-211 (FindLaw)
Massachusetts4 months' rentMass. Gen. Laws ch. 111, 127L
MichiganWithhold / escrowMich. Comp. Laws 125.530
MinnesotaRent escrow (court)Minn. Stat. 504B.385
Mississippi1 month's rentMiss. Code 89-8-15 (FindLaw)
Missouri$300, max 1 mo. rentMo. Rev. Stat. 441.234
Montana1 month's rentMont. Code 70-24-406
NebraskaEssential services onlyNeb. Rev. Stat. 76-1427
Nevada$100 or 1 mo. rentNev. Rev. Stat. 118A.360
New HampshireWithhold (defense)N.H. Rev. Stat. 540:13-d
New JerseyCase law (no cap)Legal Services of New Jersey
New MexicoAbatement, 1 mo. capN.M. Stat. 47-8-27.2 (FindLaw)
New YorkAbatement (no cap)N.Y. Real Prop. Law 235-b
North CarolinaNo self-helpN.C. Gen. Stat. 42-44 (FindLaw)
North DakotaNo fixed capN.D. Cent. Code 47-16-13 (FindLaw)
OhioRent escrow (court)Ohio Rev. Code 5321.07 (FindLaw)
Oklahoma1 month's rent41 Okla. Stat. 121 (Justia)
Oregon$300Or. Rev. Stat. 90.368
PennsylvaniaRent escrow68 P.S. 250.206 (FindLaw)
Rhode Island$500 / yearR.I. Gen. Laws 34-18-30
South CarolinaEssential services onlyS.C. Code 27-40-630
South Dakota1 month's rentS.D. Codified Laws 43-32-9
TennesseeEssential services onlyTenn. Code 66-28-502 (FindLaw)
Texas1 mo. rent or $500Tex. Prop. Code 92.0561 (FindLaw)
Utah2 months' rentUtah Code 57-22-6 (FindLaw)
Vermont½ month's rent9 V.S.A. 4459 (FindLaw)
Virginia1 mo. rent or $1,500Va. Code 55.1-1244.1
WashingtonUp to 2 months' rent/yrWash. Rev. Code 59.18.100
West VirginiaNot allowedW. Va. Code 37-6-30 (FindLaw)
WisconsinRent abatementWis. Stat. 704.07
WyomingNot allowedWyo. Stat. 1-21-1206 (Justia)

General information, not legal advice. Rules change and exceptions apply — confirm the current rule with the cited source for your state.

NotALawyer.com provides general legal information, not legal advice.